방사선의 종류

What is Radiation?

- Particle or wave with high energy to ionize atoms in materials.

방사선이란 어떤 물질의 원자를 이온화시킬 수 있을 정도로 높은 에너지를 가진 입자나 파동입니다.

 

Radiation	Eletro magnetic wave	X-ray
		Gamma-ray
	Particle Radiation	Charged Particle	α
			β-
			β+
			Fission products
		Non-charged Particle	Neutron

 

 

Radiation Source

○ Stable Nuclide (안정한 핵종)

- 83 Nulcides Stable (out of 284 nuclide)

- Neutron rich for Z>20 (Calcium)

   for stability compensating repulsive charges between protons

- Even-Even nuclei stable

- Magic numbers : 2, 8, 20, 50, 82, 126

- Doubly Magic Nuclei : O-16, Ca-40, Pb-208

 

○ Unstable Nuclides (불안정한 핵종)

- All elements with Z > 83 (Bismuth) radioactive

- Transition to stable nuclide by emitting radiation : Alpha decay, Gamma decay, Neutron emission, Proton emission

  ▷ In case of Neutrons > Protons, Beta decay : n → p + (β-) + Anti-Neutrino

  ▷ In case of Neutrons < Protons, Beta decay : p → n + (β+) + Neutrino